Avon in Global Markets Essay

1. Referring to this chapter and Chapter 9, evaluate Avon’s Strategic International Human Resources practices in global markets regarding development of a global management cadre, HCNs, and building company associates and independent representatives in host countries. Avon Strategic International Human Resources practices in global markets: In this day and age the world is no longer bound by distance; the gap between countries and cultures are shrinking. Most business try attempt to take advantage of this and expand beyond the borders of their homeland. The idea of world market share is lucrative to most businesses not to mention profitable. Such With the great expansion and lucrative prospects, there is a strong expansion creates need for international human resource management. Human resource management is the whole process of recruitment and selection of the employees, it has been perceived by many observers as a key ingredient and accounts for the success of companies on world markets. Sales force: â€Å"In international business, consumer companies cannot operate efficiently without having best and most well- trained sales force† (Deresky, 2010, p. 378). Hence by acquiring a local employees with proper skills and adequate company’s knowledge benefits the company in an aspect of better understanding of the surrounding environment and communication advantage of common language and for this reason, Avon has hired million local door to door representatives to advance their work force and to improve their international market. Recruitment and selection: â€Å"In addition, valuingValuing workforce diversity and providing equal opportunity is important to the company† (Deresky, 2010, p. 379). Qualities such as culture empathy, that isthe appreciation and respect of beliefs, values and behavior, interpersonal skills, such as communication and the capacity to build trust, managerial, and decision making abilities  particularly under condition of isolation environment and other crucial qualities including self-motivation, ethical standard, relationship building, organizations skills and so on are looked for. This strategy facilitates Avon to identify full potential of the recruits and their competencies. Female CEO: Avon is a company which caters to women and is ranrun by women. Having a female in charge serves a fundamental advantage since she can better understand the target customers and their needs. This, hence helps Avon to well implement and execute their goals successfully. Before Andrea Jung took over as CEO the company was struggling with low revenues and high debts. Once Andrea Jung took charge, she has implemented several efficient policies in both US offices and foreign offices that helped to boost up the company’s revenue and got rid ofeliminated the debt problems the company was facing. This has allowed the company to retain its reputation and increase its sales network and all while continuinge to grow into new markets such as India and China. Goodwill: Avon’s dedication to charity has been a part of company’s policy for more than 125 years. This builds a close relationship between and the company and the society in which it functions. Not to mention brings a It also provides greatvery good publicity and a set up for numerous PR campaigns. Avon’s foundation helps provide funds for cancer researches, for scholarships and other charitable programs. In addition to workforce diversity and minority recruitment, the company supports various programs in women’s empowerment. Leadership programs: â€Å"Like other companies, Avon runs leadership programs on the job training seminars on a regular basis.† (Deresky, 2010, p. 378). This provides employees with the tools, knowledge and the ability to impact and inspire their followers and thereby sharpen their skills and knowledge in the effective manner. The programs help in strengthening the area of weaknesses  and provide accountability and clear vision. 2. Describe how Avon’s business model has changed in light of demographic and social changes in the United States and abroad. What role has IHRM played in the company’s global expansion? Avon has had to adapt its business model due to demographic and social shifts. In the United States, for example, resources have become less differentiated and the biggest way for a company to gain a competitive advantage is with a well-developed workforce. Technological advancements have also created the need for Avon to have an online platform in order to efficiently manage their workforce. Changes abroad have also impacted Avon. For instance, new emerging markets such as India, Russia and China have created new opportunities for the company. However, these countries must be analyzed to understand how to establish a workforce as well as the social and demographic factors that can affect their human resource practices (iei.e.; the social role of women; restrictions on certain business practices). In the global market, Avon hires and trains the new local workforce in its door-to-door selling model and adapts their distribution strategies to the local needs by including mail, phone, fax, retail outlets, and web sites for working women and to accommodate other cultural and logistical practices. Human resource management plays a huge role in dealing with knowing who to recruit for the global workforce, what qualifications can be expected, how to best motivate them and what levels of productivity can be expected from them once integrated into the company’s network. The role of IHRM for Avon in global expansion include: 1) Training in both virtual and time-based seminar; 2) Adapting and adjusting the operation to local industrial relations systems. 3. Since 70 percent of Avon’s revenues are generated outside the United States, what recommendations would you provide to the company regarding dealing with a culturally diverse workforce and a multicultural marketplace in the coming years? Avon is already on the right track in dealing with a multicultural  marketplace. It currently â€Å"maintains 5.8 million independent representatives and approximately 42,500 associates in over a hundred countries† (Deresky, 2010, p. 378). Avon has a strong brand that is well known internationally. This helps the company attract top-notch employees that truly want to work for Avon. Although many would see Avon’s culturally diverse workforce as a challenge it is actually one of Avon’s greatest strengths. Avon’s diverse employees are already aware of the cultures with which they are conducting business because the employees share the same culture as the consumers. The employees understand what types of products their culture demands and which they do not. This helps to prevent excess supply or wasted marketing efforts on products that are of no interest in certain markets. In addition, with Avon’s large focus on door-to-door selling their diverse workforce is extremely helpful because these employees are fluent in their native languages and will be able to excel in conversing with their potential customers in efforts to produce sales. As stated in the case study, Avon’s 5.8 million independent representatives â€Å"are self-managed Host Country Nationals who know the culture and the ways to do their business in their home turf† (Deresky, 2010, p. 379). These representatives help to minimize the culture shock Avon employees would normally experience had they not had any previous experience dealing with a foreign country and were expected to conduct business there. Since Avon has employees and representatives hailing from the countries in which they are conducting business it makes the sales aspect much easier since there is minimal cultural disconnect between the consumer and the sales personnel. Therefore, my recommendation is that Avon continues its efforts to hire employees from various cultures especially in areas in which Avon currently conducts or plans to conduct business. However, hiring a diverse workforce can prove difficult when poorly managed. Luckily, â€Å"Avon’s managers realized that becoming aware of intercultural differences and getting the appropriate training play an important role in the development of a productive sales force† (Deresky, 2010, p. 377). Avon understands that their employees are the key to success; therefore it is imperative that they maintain employee efficiency, productivity, and morale. The company is able to ensure this via the four areas of compensation, fringe benefits, professional development, and workforce environment. Employees greatly enjoy these  benefits as well as working for Avon, which helps fuel, the company’s outstanding performance. My recommendation is that Avon continues their pursuit of maintaining a diverse workforce. The company must ensure they are constantly training their employees in areas such as new product offerings, dealing with various cultures, and performing efficient sales. As Avon looks to continue its expansion they must ensure they understand each marketplace prior to moving in and beginning business. In order to expand their multicultural marketplace Avon must work to put together solid research teams that will be in charge of understanding and discovering all facets of a country’s economy and population. This will allow Avon to be well prepared and easily determine which products will be sold in which countries b ased on the population’s preferences. 4. Avon’s future global expansion is contingent on hiring and retaining the best workforce and salespeople in global markets. What training and cross-cultural practices would you recommend to the company to deal with this area? In order for Avon to develop the best global workforce they must consider cultural sensitivity, motivation, ethical-standards, relationship building, and organizational skills (Deresky, 2010, p. 377). Avon can achieve the best global workforce by continuing to provide leadership programs and on-the-job training seminars on a regular basis. If Avon wants to continue expanding globally, they may consider continuing their global geographic (area) structure. This structure allows regional and local managers to address, and solve issues based on their knowledge of the local culture, government regulations, and business transactions (Deresky, 2014, p. 247). The benefits of this structure were evident in the case where Avon’s China General Manager, Ms. Jung, noticed the need to change their distribution strategies in order to adapt to local costumers needs (Deresky, 2010, p. 379). Ms. Jung also noticed the need for international representatives to gain faster online access to improve training (Deresky, 2010, p. 379). Avon has done a great job thus far in hiring and retaining one of the best workforce and salespeople in the global market. A rising middle class in the emerging markets will help Avon reach people they have never reached  before. If Avon wants to continue their success, they must consider their cultural environment and continue evolving their training technicstechniques and technology. 5. China is expected to be a major market for Avon. If you were to advise Avon, how would you develop a competitive IHR plan for the company? Starting with assessing Avon’s successes in the international realm, it should be noted that Avon approximates â€Å"70 percent of the company’s revenues come from selling its products in international markets† (Deresky, 2010, p. 376). A second important factor that would need to be considered for developing a competitive IHR plan for the company would be to ensure a â€Å"brand identity† existed or could be created in China if it was not present as of theat the time Avon was planning to venture into the country. A brand identity, as defined by Investopedia is â€Å"how a business wants a brand’s name, communication style, logo and other visual elements to be perceived by consumers† (Brand Identity, 2014)). It would be obvious to state that Avon should begin to compare and contrast the brand identity of other major personal hygiene and makeup companies that have previously set up shop in China. Evaluating Estee Lauder and L’Oreal, for example could prove to provide fruitful information on which types of marketing and advertising campaigns may or may not work in global China. While major companies such as these have previously completed the leg work in customer recruiting, Avon could gain much advantagesmany advantages from reviewing these strategies and applying some to their market model within China. Avon would also need to immediately define the knowledge and skill set models that managers and sales personnel would need to have in order to be successful in this major foreign market. Working in a country such as China will be much different in many cultural areas as compared to operating within America. Cultural sensitivity issues should be highlighted, as well as motivational factors of what might energize customers to purchase Avon’s products. Perhaps time sensitivity issues could be a point of training for managers and sales representatives as well. Questions such as how much time should be spent on trying to convince a customer to purchase products or when is a good time of day to try and sell to customers should be analyzed as well.? All of these  issues should be strategized and should be provided as in-depth training to employees and managers alike before deploying teams of representatives into the streets of China. It will be equally important, when developing a competitive IHR plan to ensure employees are consistently referring back to Avon’s five values and principles, which include â€Å"trust, respect, belief, humility, and integrity† (Deresky, 2010, p. 377). Having the ability to reach back to these core values and principles, sales representatives will succeed by remembering the values and traditions that helped to make Avon successful in other countries. 6. What is the role of IT in Avon’s markets, in particular in developing areas? What are the implications for training its representatives? â€Å"The new information technology†¦ internet and email†¦ have practically eliminated the physical cost of communications† (Karlgaard, 2004). Business activities and marketing activities cannot be realized without the use of information technology, marketing managers cannot make quality decisions, and marketing strategies cannot be designed and cannot be oriented business policies. Therefore in the modern enterprises all important managerial positions must be connected to computer networks and use information technology. The evolution of e-marketing has enabled Avon to include all its marketing activities online and has enabled them to contact their customers quickly and easily in order to meet their needs, wishes and requirements. This has helped Avon to maintain a long relationship with their customers, and fulfill their needs, and increase their loyalty toward the products of the organization. Furthermore, the availability of a great amount of information with in short period of time can be obtained at an instant through the use of information technology. In business, information is the most precious commodity in the market. A pPlethora of information can be acquired through electronic and communication media by using computers, information technology and information systemthrough information systems. Hence it is very resourceful to enterprises and therefore Avon is as well taking an advantage to gather the necessary data on the market about customers, their needs and habits and process data in to information. Consequently, usage of information. Information technology also helps Avon  to lower down their costs, proper time managementimprove efficiency, producing produce quality products, and advancing advance the company’s innovation. This is contributed all is due to the consumer information collected that provides the knowledge on consumer behavior that which helps the company reducing reduce uncertainties for marketing decision making and thereby assist in price settings, promotions, selection of target market as well as sales channels. The biggest strength of iInformation tTechnology is the ability to grow fast inquickly grow in developing markets. Avon use utilizes information technology for its training practices to its employeesemployee training programs. Instead of gathering all every representative in the office, Avon can upload training seminars videos online so that the employees can carry out training while they are home. â€Å"The company’s distribution strategies may have to be adopted to the local needs because of working women or other cultural and logistical considerations and include mail, phone, fax, retail outlets, and Web sites† (Deresky, 2010, p. 379). Therefore, UsageThe usage of technology in marketing has enabled Avon to grow rapidly and has led to marketing development through networks. It has ; it as well also enabled rapid and efficient communication, transfer of information over distance, creation of virtual organizations, shipment of goods, and direct payment via internet a nd so onas well as many others. All these element of new form of business that e-business have been easily adopted due to the actions of the company activities surrounding and marketing conditions in order to meet better customers’ needs and requirements. It is now essential method for Avon to control its operations. In conclusion, the iInformation tTechnology strengths of Avon allows Avon the company to have communication and information access on the fly anywhere in the world at a low cost. The IT infrastructure also allows the Avon team to quickly train the local Salesforce sales force and process orders with very low cool down. The implication of training representative in development areas, such strategy allows to bring Avon’s products straight to the consumer. The new representatives help Avon to organize orders, distribute orders, promote products and therefore create a strongstrong brand name recognition worldwide. 7. What do you think are Avon’s prospects in India, given that the per capita spending on beauty there is only $1, compared to between $100 and $200 in developed markets? Avon’s prospects in India look to be positive. India is one of the largest growing markets besides China, and they have a very large population when compared to other major counties such as Japan, United Kingdom, South Korea, Australia, Hong Kong, and Singapore. With the huge population in India, there are more than 370 million women between the ages of 15-64, which indicates a high customer base (Deresky, 2010, p. 379). The population in India is also growing at about a 1.3% each year. When compared to Singapore’s per capita spending, India has bright prospects despite their low per capita spending because of their. This is due to their huge population. Another reason India looks like a positive prospect is due to the untapped market, which can drive long-term growth. The company launched new anti-aging products aiming to reach 93% of the country’s population by 2015. The Avon also planplans to launch personal grooming products for men, which is another unta pped market. References Brand Identity. (2014). Retrieved from Investopedia: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/brand-identity.asp Deresky, H. (2010). International Management: Managing Across Borders and Cultures, Text and Cases (7th ed.). Prentice Hall. Karlgaard, R. (2004, November 19). Peter Drucker On Leadership. Retrieved from Forbes: http://www.forbes.com/2004/11/19/cz_rk_1119drucker.html

Doing Christian Ethics from the Margins Essay

Book Review: Doing Christian Ethics from the Margins Dr. David Traverzo Christian Ethics Gregory A. Keels 02/13/2012 Doing Christian Ethics from the margins is all about helping people explore the ethical issues of the marginalized. This book reveals as to how people who live in the margins of society deal with ethics. Also this book reveals how the same marginalized people worldview is different from the dominate culture who is not apart of the marginalized. This book is divided into four sessions, the first section dealing with theory while the last three gives specific case studies to the theory. The first session titled Ethical Theory deals with how Christian ethical systems are formed. The author Miguel A. De la Torre gives his understanding of ethical theory. The first main and important statement he makes in this section is when he talks about ethics being done in a particular social location. When he stated that it proved that ethics and social welfare comes together. A person’s upbringing and social surroundings affects his or her ethics. Also in this section the author talks about how white males generally dominated the academic ethics. This domination has many pitfalls. Some of these pitfalls include spiritual concerns that are excluded from social concerns, individualism, grace in favor of works, thinking more of heaven instead of the here and now, and failure to come up with a transformation praxis. These pitfalls reinforce ideologies of power that are connected to unjust social structures that include racism, classism, and sexism. The author puts up a challenge to every single reader to come up with a code of ethics that will identify with the example of Christ of standing against the ppressed. In the other three parts of the book the author gives case studies and show how his own hermeneutic circle applied to different ethical situations such as relationships, business, and global relationships. in each section there are four chapters. the first chapter explains the topics and the other three explains the topic with case studies. The hermeneutic circle is made up of five steps. In each of those five steps a per son’s worldview ethics is challenged and encourages the person to be more engaged in social transformation. The steps include observing, reflecting, praying, acting, and releasing. This pattern is a continuous circle repeating itself over and over. The significance of this book to the church is great significance. This model the author has presented could be used greatly in the church. When I was looking at this model I felt this is what the church should be doing. The church is only effective if it is active in the community. The church should be able to see what the need of the community, pray on it, act on it and then move onto the next need. Part of Christian ethics is doing the right thing when the problem is presented. Two of the case studies that I felt can greatly impact the church was the case studies on global and national poverty. the church has always played a major role in helping the poverty both globally and nationally. However I believe that the church need to realize that poverty is more then just not having any food or being homeless. Poverty is connected to social class. It is connected to those who can afford an education and those who can not. Poverty is also connected to those who can get hired for the high paying jobs and those who can only get the jobs that pay minimum salary and is not enough to raise a family. The church can do a better job in helping in that area. The main part of a Christian’s ethics is helping those who are in need. This is our primary responsibility. So in order to fulfill that responsibility we must understand the whole issue of poverty. The significance this book has on the society can be great. However I believe the church and society must be connected together. This helps those who read it understand the problems of the marginalized and how it can be addressed. It would be really helpful if those who were from the groups who hold the most power read this book for a better understanding of how the actions they do affect those who are marginalized. Just like I stated with the church and its response to poverty the society has to have the same response. However since the society is not the church the ethical response would be different. Those who are in high powerful positions have the ethical obligation to assist those who are in the marginalized. However what we see is those people exploiting the marginalized. When it comes to ethics as a whole this book as revealed to me no matter what position you are connected to rather it is Christian ethics, business ethics, or society ethics you have an obligation to help those who do not have the power to help themselves. It is not just about poverty either. There is an ethical obligation to help the marginalized when it comes to things like affirmative action, war, the environment etc. A strength I found in this is how the author used real life examples in his case studies that included people who were marginalized. By using real life stories it brought a whole new experience than from a typical text book. This help take the readers from a spectator view to an up close and personal view of what it is like to be in the marginalized. Another strength I felt the author had was the discussion questions at the end of each chapter. These discussion questions help the reader reflect and understand more about the marginalized. Also these discussion questions help the reader form a more solid ethic for the marginalized. The main weakness I saw in this book is how the author did not really go through the whole hermeneutic cycle. In each case study the first three cycles were used. It would have been better if the author used the whole cycle so that the reader could get a full example of how the cycle is used and the outcome of the cycle. Also it would have been helpful if the author had given some examples where this cycle has not worked. Perhaps it would even be helpful if the author had limited to just once case study in each section and go more in depth as to how the cycle worked in the case study. Overall I strongly recommend this book to those who have a desire to get an action plan that will have an impact on dealing with the marginalized. De La Torre makes a great case in challenging those who are in the dominate culture to give up the heavy power and special privilege they have so that those who are in the marginalized can live a better life. With making this challenge the author has given great tools for those who are committed to seeing the transformation of the marginalized. While this seem like a no brainer to some it might be still difficult for those in the dominate culture to accept. Some people might just not see how the dominate culture affects the marginalized while others feel they are doing just enough. Also you might get those who will say they will embrace De La Torre’s model but will fail to actually attempt to do it. It is going to take a lot of work and sacrifice to see true change. Who is willing to actually do that hard work? Who is going feel it is actually worth it? Regardless of where you fit in the spectrum we all have to do our part. If we all do not step in and say we are willing to make the sacrifices need to see a transformational change then regardless of what one group does it will not work. this has to be a group effort. I believe this is the point De La Torre was trying to bring across.

Solutions to the Global Climate Change Essay - 1389 Words

Global warming has become a world wide issue and an issue that is causing great controversy. It is an increase in the earths atmospheric and oceanic temperatures widely predicted to occur due to an increase in the greenhouse effect resulting especially from pollution (Dictionary). Global warming is a natural process, but because of increase in certain activities this process is taking a faster and more dangerous route creating global problems. Global warming was first theorized in 1894 by Jean Baptiste Joseph Fourier a French mathematician, who noticed the earth was gradually increasing in temperature. He came to the conclusion that the earth’s atmosphere was trapping solar radiation caused by the sun and reflecting this radiation back to†¦show more content†¦The increase in CO2 emission is primarily caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are carbon-based fuels from fossil carbon deposits, including coal, oil, and natural gas. The burning of fossil fuels is a big part of life because it powers automobiles, heats and cools homes, and generates electricity. This combustion of fossil fuels is about 90% of the total emission in the world (Greenhouse gases, Climate change, and energy). When this fuel is burned, it pollutes the atmosphere and increases the global warming process. What makes CO2 dangerous is the fact that it is nonrenewable and it warms the earth faster. CO2 emissions should be lowered because when the earth is warmed up this and other greenhouse gases increase the rate at which the polar ice caps melt, resulting in increasing sea levels and flooding. To help reduce these CO2 emissions replacing a regular incandescent light bulb with a compact fluorescent light bulb can save 300 pounds of carbon dioxide a year (Al Gore, reduce your impact at home, 1), moving a thermostat down 2 ° in winter and up 2 ° in summer could save about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year (Al Gore, reduce your impact at home, 3). Another great way to reduce CO2 emission is by switching to energy efficient appliances which can save 175 million pounds of carbon dioxide. 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The Birthmark, Rappaccini’s Daughter and the Strange Case...

When you hear the word â€Å"mad scientist† you perceive an aggressive, eccentric, awkward and intellectual individual that works with fictional equipment in order to initiate their intelligible schemes. On the other hand, they fail to recognize the evil that will stream from the hubris of â€Å"playing god†. A majority of the time these â€Å"mad scientists† are individuals who value their experiments and scientific curiosity over themselves, others and the world. The literature works, The Birthmark, Rappaccini’s Daughter and The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde all depict the role of a â€Å"mad scientist† who ultimately destroys themselves and others in an attempt to create something perfect. Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Birthmark† illustrates an†¦show more content†¦Thus, Dr. Rappaccini is symbolic of an early gardener who uses genetics to alter the appearance and fragrance of plants and flowers. It should be noted that Beatrice, much like Georgiana sans the birthmark, is an extraordinarily beautiful young woman, for she is â€Å"endowed with all gentle and feminine qualities† (Hawthorne, 1057) and is worthy to be worshipped. Without a doubt, this little tale related by Professor Baglioni serves as a foreshadowing device related to Beatrice herself, meaning that Dr. Rappaccini has â€Å"experimented† on Beatrice since birth with poisons which have mysteriously endowed her with â€Å"Nordic† beauty. In fact, Professor Baglioni points out that Beatrice is certainly the offspring of her father’s experiments — â€Å"That old fable of the Indian woman,† he exclaims, â€Å"has become a truth by the deep and deadly science of Rappaccini and in the person of the lovely Beatrice† (Hawthorne, 1059). Beatrice then admits the truth, for she tells Giovanni that her father is â€Å"a man fearfully acquainted with the secrets of Nature† and that she is â€Å"the effect of my father’s fatal love of science† (Hawthorne, 1062). In order to rid Beatrice of this curse and be â€Å"purified

The Negitive Effects of Tobacco Essay - 1330 Words

Drugs are generally recognized as of the greatest problems in the United States. According to the statistics, tobacco has the highest death rate. Smoking is a very popular habit, even though we all know that smoking is very dangerous. Millions of people around the globe want to quit smoking for medical reasons such as having already two heart-valve replacement surgeries. By now, almost everyone knows that smoking and other tobacco use causes cancer. But it can also cause may more problems. When you smoke tobacco, the effects on your body are immediate. Your pulse increases. Breathing becomes faster and more shallow. Circulation begins to drop. Poisonous compounds like carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and ammonia gas enter your†¦show more content†¦They become large and hard, and lose their ability to exchange air. With damaged air sacs, you cannot get enough air to breathe, and always feel that you cannot catch your breath. Emphysema is a very serious disease. It takes yea rs to develop, but its damage cannot be undone. The disease can be caused by any substance in the lungs, which causes irritation and swelling. Cigarette smoke is the most common cause of this disease as cigarette smoke contains acidic and irritant substances. Substances in cigarettes irritate the walls of the throat and the bronchial tubes. Mucus is produced which clogs up the respiratory passages. This makes breathing difficult and leads to a â€Å"smokers cough†. Very often, the bronchial tubes become infected and the disease lasts a long time instead of clearing up in a few days. Without treatment, bronchitis will seriously weaken your lungs. The only chance your lungs have to fully recover is for you to stop putting cigarette smoke into them. Is smoking really worth losing your breath? Smoking cigarettes and marijuana are closely related. Research shows that youth who smoke cigarettes are fourteen times more likely to try marijuana as those who dont. With regular use of tobacco, levels of nicotine accumulate in the body during the day and persist overnight thus exposing daily smokers to the effects of nicotine for 24 hours each day. There are long-term hazards. In addition to nicotine, cigarette smoke is primarily

Growin Up In the Hood Essay Example For Students

Growin Up In the Hood Essay Growing Up In the HoodIs it a coincidence that highly urbanized areas are full of crime and always statistically higher than small towns and rural areas? A child that is being brought up in a metropolitan area that is full of violent crimes is flooded in a sense and has nothing to do but to breath in some of the negative influences that go on around him. Therefore, I believe that the most influential scene in a childs life is the neighborhood that he grows up in. Parents cannot constantly watch over their children, ask about whom they are hanging out with, constantly check where they are, and find out what they are getting themselves into? (Statistics p348)When a child is growing up he is frequently asked what he is going to do for money when he gets older. The more this question is asked to them, the more they feel like they have to have money to be happy in life. After many tries of trying to make a stable life at a low paying job, a criminal life maybe more appealing to them at th ey may start living life under the gun. As stated by William Wilson in When Work Disappears, Neighborhoods plagued by high levels of joblessness are more likely to experience low levels of social organization, they go hand in hand. In Chicago for instance, in 1990 there was only one in three in the twelve ghetto communities that had held a job in a typical workweek of the year. When there are high rates of joblessness bigger problems surface such as violent crime, gang violence, and drug trafficking. (Wilson P356-362)These crime-ridden communities (or ghettos) are springing up all through the country, mainly in and around major metropolitan areas. These areas are the most populated, so that means that within these areas are the most people there to be influenced by the crimes committed by fellow people. In Males reading he shows statistics that prove the fact that once the poverty factor is taken away then teen violence disappears. He later adds, That if America wants to rid of juve nile violence than serious consideration needs to be given to the societally inflicted violence of raising three to 10 times more youth in poverty than other Western nations. (Males p386) As stated by Elijah Anderson, Just living in a low-income area gives most residents less hope for there own future. They see that their only way to succumb to their loss of hope is to make themselves happy by joining a gang and getting a family-like feeling or committing crimes to obtain money or other material objects. Elijah Anderson states that there are however, forces that can counteract all the influence fed to a child on the streets, that is a strong and loving family committed to middle class values. Yet, like said before, we cannot rest all this weight onto parents, if a parent is too strict with their child and sets too many rules and guidelines the child may want to rebel against them. When a child finds no positive feedback at home the street, in his mind, is the next best alternative. Rules on the streets are very opposite to the norms that are within a middle-class decent family, yet they are similar in respect. For example, in the average home life a great deal of respect is paid to the father who is usually the money maker in the family, on the streets however, that same amount of respect is paid to the lead of a gang or to a drug dealer. In ways they are similar but they are on different levels of the spectrum, one is trying to make a good home life for his family and the other is trying to lead his family to higher positions on he streets. (Anderson 363-368)I know that there are other factors that may influence a child at a young age to be violent such as physical or sexual abuse from the parents, a broken home-life, and violent media. The parental influence can be ruled out by looking at the writings of Timothy Egan, the school killers parents were not abusive nor were all but one of them divorced or speaking of it. The parents based the blame on the junk c ulture that surrounded their child, but shouldnt they have paid attention to what there kids were in to and if it was negative shouldnt they have swayed them away from it. (Egan p338-339)Another influence that is under fire is the violent media. Violent rap music that has lyrics depicting murders and other violent acts is telling kids that their music idols do it so shouldnt they? Teens are easily influenced, and when they have their favorite rapper preaching about all the people they have killed and all the drugs they do, some teens take it to heart. Another example is movies and violent television programs that always show the hero with guns or other violent weapons, that too makes teens want to be like someone that would, in real life, be thrown in prison. (Ross p407)I dont believe that negative media and abusive parents are as significant as living in a crime ridden, low income area. Parental and media influences can be directed in a more positive direction. Therapy can be given to abused children and their parents or guardians that they live with. Parents of children who watch violent television and negative music can turn it off when there is something violent on so their child doesnt soak it in. But what can be done for children living in a ghetto? Proper government housing that is controlled and monitored is a good start and certain gun laws could be put into affect but when guns are outlawed, outlaws will be the only ones with guns, so as you can see it is a vicious cycle with almost no end. .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 , .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .postImageUrl , .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 , .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215:hover , .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215:visited , .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215:active { border:0!important; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215:active , .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215 .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u788eea7f6f651a6f539c1522a4d96215:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Shoeless Joe Jackson Essay

The Pequods Leaders Their Differing Characteristics Essays

The Pequods Leaders: Their Differing Characteristics L.R.G. Captain Ahab, First Mate Starbuck, Second Mate Stubb, and Third Mate Flask. From the time they are first introduced, the Pequods leaders are noticeably very different from each other. Almost everything is different about these men save the fact that they are all four on a whaling ship. Why did Melville take such care to develop these four men as he did? Would the story have been as profound without these distinct character foils? Probably not. I think what Melville was trying to accomplish by having such differing personalities aboard the Pequod was to keep the reader interested on the personal level of the story as well as to put emphasis on Ahabs obsession. Captain Ahab is certainly an interesting character. He is driven mad by desire for revenge because of an injury he incurred from the gigantic white whale known as Moby Dick. He spends nights studying maps of ocean currents and reefs in an attempt to locate and slay the whale. He portrays the whale as evil and attempts to make everyone aboard believe that the quest for Moby Dick is their common destiny. Under his command, the sole purpose of the voyage is to hunt Moby Dick. While he is mad, he still realizes that his crew could defy him and stage a mutiny so to solve this, he offers a gold ounce to the man who kills the whale. Ahab even has his own private boat crew, which he seemingly smuggled on board, to help him kill Moby Dick. Right up until the bitter end he is certain of his ability to slay the whale. Unfortunately for him, fate, luck, or a combination of the two prevent him from doing so. Starbuck, the first mate, is a religious, conservative man. Unlike Ahab who is driven by his manic hate for the whale, Starbuck is a devout Christian who lets his religion dictate most aspects of his life. He is the only one aboard the Pequod who openly disputes Captain Ahabs order to solely hunt Moby Dick. Starbucks conservatism is a direct negation of Ahabs monomania. The second mate, Stubb, is described as a happy-go-lucky kind of guy. He doesnt take anything seriously enough to bother or frighten him. He is popular among the crew and always shows his good humor. Due to the large amount of time hes spent whaling, he seems to be desensitized to the dangers of the trade. Stubb, unlike Starbuck or Ahab, believes that everything happens for a reason and that theres not much he or anyone else can do to change that. Flask, the third mate, is a short, stocky man who seems to have a touch of what we call short man syndrome. He finds it very invigorating to kill a whale yet never stops to think about the greatness of the creature. Actually, unlike the other leaders of the ship, he never really stops to think about anything of much importance. His offensive attitude, paired with his physical appearance, earns him the nickname King-Post. These mens personalities are in contrast to one another mainly to draw attention to Captain Ahabs madness but also to keep us interested in the story. It is true that if all the mates had plain, unimportant personalities, Ahabs madness would still be quite noticeable. But what Melville did by giving the mates personalities that are in great contrast to that of Ahabs, is heighten our awareness of his madness.